Prithivi, symbolizing both the element and the goddess of Earth (Bhūmi), serves as the foundational bedrock of architecture and ritual. It not only forms the tangible realm of existence and manifestation but also stands as the sacred ground where both mortals and immortals coexist.
Ancient architectural experts have identified four primary elements as the essence of Vastu or residences:
• Bhumi (The Ground): Recognized as the main Vastu, Bhumi forms the very essence of existence. It provides a solid base for all architectural wonders.
• Prasada (The Temple or Palace): These are constructions that symbolize the tangible manifestations of architectural artistry.
• Yana (The Conveyance): Signifying movement, Yana pertains to structures designed for transport.
• Sayana (The Couch): Denotes rest and relaxation.
The foundational treatise, ‘Mayamata’ (11. 1-3a), posits that among these four classes, Bhumi holds primary significance. It is described first because it encapsulates the fundamental elemental principles, supporting the very existence of our world.
Vastupurushamandala: The Confluence of Existence, Cosmic Man, and Geometry
Breaking down the intricate term ‘Vastupurushamandala’, we uncover its tripartite meaning:
1. Vastu: Represents the ordered state of existence, mirrored in the form of Purusha or the Cosmic Man.
2. Purusha: The Cosmic Man embodies both the origin and source of existence. He is known in dual aspects – the tangible (Apara-prakrti) and the intangible (Para-prakrti). His identity with ‘the plan’ suggests the intended blueprint of creation.
3. Mandala: Typically signifies a closed polygon. In the case of Vastupurushamandala, the primary shape is a square, symbolic in its essence. However, it can morph into various other forms, such as triangles, hexagons, or octagons, without losing its core symbolism.
The Architectural Symphony: The Role of Vastupurushamandala
Just as tones form the foundation of a musical composition, the Vastupurushamandala determines the principle of all planned architectural designs. It outlines both the rhythm of level (Talachanda) and the rhythm of elevation (Urdhvachanda). This means it plays a crucial role in ensuring a harmonious blend between the building’s ground-plan and its vertical section.
In essence, the Vastupurushamandala represents the gold standard for all architectural designs in Hindu culture. Whether it’s the site-plan, horizontal, or vertical sections, they all adhere to the norms set by Vastupurushamandala. Furthermore, the general form of temples, as described in early texts, is firmly rooted in the guidelines provided by Vastupurushamandala.
https://chat.openai.com/share/47f5012d-e5ce-40dc-9a2c-22d722173ca3
based on: Stella Kramrisch. o. J. The Hindu Temple Vol I 1946. Zugegriffen 28. April 2023. http://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.282158.
